The domestic
dog (Canis lupus familiaris ) is a subspecies of the gray wolf (Canis lupus), a
member of the Canidae family of the mammilian order Carnivora. The term
"domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral
varieties. The dog may have been the first animal to be domesticated, and has
been the most widely kept working, hunting, and companion animal in human
history. The word "dog" may also mean the male of a canine
species, as opposed to the word "bitch" for the female of the
species.
The present lineage of dogs was domesticated
from gray wolves about 15,000 years ago. Remains of domesticated dogs have
been found in Siberia and Belgium from about 33,000 years ago. None of these
early domestication lineages seem to have survived the Last Glacial Maximum.
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